Friction shock absorber



Sept; 7- v G. E. DATH' 2,426,672

FRICTION SHOCK ABSORBER Filed April 8, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Figj fave/22hr Patented Sept. 2, 1947 FRIGTION SHOCKABSGRBERr George ,EHDath, Chicago, 111.; assi nor to-- W.- H;

Miner, Inc., Chicago, Ill.,-a corporaticnaof -Delae Ware Application -April 8,-1944, Serial No.-- 530,111-

13 Claims. ((31.267-9) This invention relates to improvements in frice.

tion shock absorbers, especially adaptediorsnubbing or dampening the .actionio f springs of lrail+ way. cartrucks.

one object ofthe invention. is to providea Sim:- ple. and efficient friction-shock absorber of a capacity to effectually snub the action of a .cluster of. railway car. truck. springs comprising a pair,

of the mechanism, va pairof friction members at the other end of the. mechanism tiltable; inwardly.

2-; tion, Figure 1 isa transverse, vertical; sectional-i ViBWi of. my improved. shock absorber Figure :2 f: is a horizontal;sectionalyiew, corresponding substantially .to the. line-22-of-Fig.ure .1.=' Figure :3 i

' lS a top plan View of Figure .1. Figure 4 is-a view;

similar. tov Figure \1, illustrating another embodimentof theinvention Figure 5 is a view-similar I to Figure 1,.sho-wingstill another embodiment-oi I the invention.. Figure 6 is a top plan view ofFig toward the first. named members, andrsprin m means opposing relative lengthwise movement of;

said two pairs of .friction members.

Another object;of the. inventionis to provide a shock absorber as set forth .in .the preceding para-; graph, whereinthepairs offrictionlmembers are,

in the formof two longitudinally split, tubular cylinders, one of which is slidingly; telescoped,

within the other, and the spring meanswhichresists relative lengthwise movement ofthgpairs of friction members forming thesplit cylinders is enclosed within said cylinders.-

Another object of the. invention-is to providea friction shock absorber, including a pairof .transversely curved, frictionmembers at one. endof the mechanism, a secondpair of transversely. curved, frictionmembers atv thev other end of the.

mechanism, telescopedbetween-the friction mem-l bers of said first named pair and having lengthwise sliding engagement. therewith,- andsspring means opposing relative lengthwise'movementof said pairs of members toward each other, .'Where in each member of one pair laterally overlapsn bothmembers of the other pair.

Afurther object of the .inventionjsto provide.

a shock absorber including two pairs of relatively 1.

lengthwise movable, interengaging friction-:mem-

bers, wherein the members of each pair aretrans-, versely curvedand. together form a vertically split, cylindrical casingandthe members of the-'- pair forming one of said split casings are telescoped between thev members ofthe pairforming the othenor outer-split casing; with the plane. of separation of the pair forming onesplit casing. turned through an angle of90: degrees with re-.

spect to the plane of separation ofthe pair formlateral separation.

Other objects ofthe invention will more clearly. .1 appear. from thedescription and. claimsl.herein-,-

after following,

In the drawings formingia partofthis specificaure 5..

Figure ."7 is atransverse, h0rizonta1sec-. tional. view, corresponding substantiallyto 5 the line 'l-'i of Figure 5. Figure 8 is: an elevational l view, .lo.oking. from left to right in Figurefi showing the spring in vertical section.

Referring first to the embodiment-of the invenetion illustrated in Figures 1, 2, and 3, my improved shock absorber comprises-broadly a pair of upper frictionmembers A-'Atoge-ther forminga verticallysp1it casing;- a pair of lower friction mem bers B'.B together forminga vertically splitcas ing; slidinglyielescoped between thefrictionmembers A-A;- and a spring 0 opposing-relative lengthwise movement-ofthe upperand lowerfriction members.-

The friction members -AA"are -of;simi;la'r design. Each member A comprisesa -verticall -dis-- posed,- transversely curved sidewall lit-and a horizontally I disposed; inwardly extending; top wall orfiangel i atthe upperend of the-wall Iii."- The side wall .I D -is inwardly thickened --atthe lowerend thereof 5 l 7 thereby providing a transversely. curved, inner surface I 2-, Which islatera-lly inwardly offset with-respect'to the transversely curved,- inner surface ls of the upper portionof thewall lfim An annular; horizontally-disposed .members B B; The upper-surfaceof-the-top'wall it, which surface is indicated-by I5,'-is=in'c1-in ed--- slightly upwardly and outwardly; whereby-themember A 41s: tiltable laterally inwardly; on the upper sprin follower plate of a cluster oftruck springs; beingfulcrumed at the outeredgeofsaidwall IL; l

The;.-two :friction l members A'A:toget-her form a vertically, splitx casing, which is dividedon-a vertical plane-coincident. with thecentral long-itudinalaxis oflthe mechanism. To maintain the upper end of the. spring C centered; the. sectional casing formedby. theJmembersAwA is: provided with a .depending, tubular, central; boss,. formed partly on each-member, said boss-comprising sec- I tions Iii-:46 formedon said members'A A, re

spectively, and dependingfrom the top walls tion of the upper spring follower plate of a truck spring cluster. r

The friction members BB, which are at the lower end of the mechanism are also of similar design. Each member B comprises a vertically disposed, transversely curved, side wall I! and a horizontally disposed, inwardly extending, bottom wall or flange H3 at the lower end of the wall ID. The wall I8 is extended laterally out-' wardly beyond the side wall I1, forming an are shaped stop flange l9. wardy thickened at its upper end, thereby providing a transversely curved, outer surface 20, which is laterally outwardly offset with respect to the transversely curved, outer surfaceil of the lower portion of the wall ll. An annular, horizontally disposed, stop shoulder 22 is thus provided at the offset of the surface 20 with respect to the. surface 2L The surfaces 20 and 21 form exterior friction surfaces cooperating respectively with the inner friction surfaces l3 and 12 of the members A-A.

The underneath surface of the bottom wall l8, which surface is indicated by 23, is inclined slightly upwardly and outwardly, whereby the member B is tiltable laterally outwardly on the lower spring follower plate of the cluster of truck springs, being fulcrumed at the inner diametrical edge of said wall l8.

The two friction members BB together form a vertically split casing which is divided on a vertical planecoincident with the longitudinal central axis of the mechanism, To maintain the lower end of the spring C centered, the sectional casing formed by the members BB is provided with an upstanding, tubular, central boss, formed partly on each member, said boss comprising two sections 24'24 formedon said members BB, respectively, and upstanding from the bottom walls |8|8 thereof. The hollow boss 2424 also serves to accommodate the usual spring centering projection of the lower spring follower plate of the truck spring cluster.

The friction members BB, forming the lower split casing, are telescoped within the upper split casing formed by the friction members A-A. In the assembled condition of my improved friction shock absorber, the casing formed by the members BB is, turned about its axis through an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the casing A so that each member B overlaps approximately one half the width of each of the two members BB of the upper split casing, thatis, the split casings BB and AA are so disposed with respect to each other that the planes of vertical division of the same, which intersect at the central longitudinal axis of the machinsm, are offset 90 degrees with respect to each other about said central vertical axis.

The spring C, which isin the form of a single heavy coil, is embraced by the top and bottom friction members A--A and BB and has its top and bottom ends bearing respectively on the inner sides of the top walls 1 l-I I of the members AA and the inner sides of the bottom walls l8-l8 of the members BB. The spring C is preferably under initial compression in the assembled condition of the shock absorber.

In the'assembled condition of the shock absorber, the friction surfaces I2 and [3 .of the' two members A-A, respectively, engage the friction surfaces 2! and 20 of the members B.-B,-

The side wall I! is outand the shoulders |4I4 of the AA are engaged underneath the shoulders 22-22 of the lower members BB to limit relative lengthwise separation of said upper and lower members. 1

My improved shock absorber or snubber is substituted for one or more of the spring units outer surfaces of said walls I l l l and ill-l 8, the pressure of the spring C, which is under initial compression, tends to tilt said members A-A and BB toward each otherythus holding the friction surfaces thereof in tight frictional contact.' I Y The operation. of my improved friction shock absorber, illustrated in Figures 1, 2, and 3, is as follows: Upon the cluster of springs of the railway car truck being compressed between the spring follower plates of the truck springs, the

split friction casing formed by the members AA and the split friction casing formed by the members BB are moved toward each other, length wise against the resistance of the spring C High frictional resistance is thus produced on the cooperating friction surfaces of the members 'A-A and BB, thereby snubbing the action of the truck springs. Relative approach of the members A-A and BB is positively limited by the lower ends of the members AA engaging; the

flanges I9--l9 of the members BB.

Upon the spring follower plates of the truck springs being moved apart, during recoil of the truck springs, the expansive action of'the spring.

C restores all of the parts to normal release position shown in Figure 1, separation of the memebers A-A and BB in lengthwise direction being 7 limited by engagement of the stop shoulders l4-l -l and'2222 of said members.

Referring next to the embodiment of the invention illustrated inFigure 4, the construction is the same as that illustratedin Figures 1, 2, and

3, with the exception that means is provided to positively prevent relative rotation of th'e'top and bottom friction members of the device.

As illustrated in Figure 4, the 'top and bottom friction members are identical with the friction members A-A and B-'B hereinbefore ,described, except as hereinafter pointed out, said members being also in Figure 4.

Those parts of the members AA and which in Figure 4 are'identical withthe'parts thereof in Figures'l, 2, and 3, are indicated by the same reference charactersas employed in Figures 1, 2, and 3.

As shown in Figure'4, the split casing formed by the upper members AA is. provided with a tubular boss depending from the top walls ll-I I of said members, said boss being formed partly on each casing, the section of saidboss being indicated byv lIB'and H6,respectively. The section H6 of the boss of each member-A is 'elon-' gated, as shown, and reduced in thickness atjits lower end, as indicated at I25. The members BB forming the lower split casing are provided with upstanding sections 124-424 on the walls 18448, together forming a tubular boss. (The tubular bosses provided by) the section HB-g-l I 6 and upper members indicated by AA' and 3-H |24, -,l 2 4 are; provided with.- interior opening of.

squareric foss. section; accommodating a ,rectangue. lar; locking bar, 26 which: is. seated within. the.

opening-f the;lo,wer boss. andhasa collar. I212 thereonseated on said bossto limit downward movementofthe, bar, The. upper end portion of the; bar, i slidingly guided in the rectangular openingof the upper boss. the bar lzfi Jock theflupper and lower members A.A, and B,B-;against relative rotation.

Asv will be-evident;

Aspring is disposed .between the friction memev bers,-as. shown inFigure; This-spring is similar to the springC hereinbefore described, op-

crates ina similar mannenand is also indicated by, 0.; The operation 0f the. embodiment of the.

invention shown-in Figure 4 is the. same. as that of-the; mechanism, shown in Figures 1,. 2,. and 3 and needs no furtherpdescription;

Referring next to the embodimentof the invention illustrated in Figures 5 to .8 inclusive, my, im-.

an outwardlyprojecting, horizontal flange 29 .of.

arcuate shape at its upper end, forming, in effect, a follower member. The section 28 is provided with a longitudinally-extending, outer, friction surface 30,-gwhich is transversely curved. On the innerqside, the section 28 is providedwith an inwardly projecting, horizontal web or wall .3!

near. the; upper end thereof, which is downwardly onsetfrom said upper end. The. two friction members; Af--A' are, in effect, friction. shoes which cooperate with the inner sides of the lower friction :members B --B. The side edge ends of the'sections 28 -28 are cutaway, below the walls 3l,3l;,-as;sho wn most clearly in Figure 5. The

two-members; AA are in edge to edge abutment along their inner sides at their upper ends, the side edges ofthe sections at said upper ends presenting vertical edge portions 32 32, which are in abutment, and the walls fil -3! presenting diametricalstraight inner edges which are also .in abutment; The cut away, inner edges of the sectionsdiverge in downward direction, thus providing clearance to permittiltingof the members. A A' toward each other in assemblingv these members-with the members B,-B, to permit-the retaining ,lugs, of the members A':A' to clear e-members B' The friction members B' --Bfg, which are at the lower; end of; the mechanism, are also of similar design.-;;, Each member B comprises a vertically disposed transversely curved,- side wall 33, having a horizontally disposed, laterally outwardly extending; arcuate' flange 34 at, its lowerend forming,.-ineffect, a fol-lower member integral terior f iqtionzsu face of a cu v e c r spond: ing, ;to .the, cur vatulfe -of v the I friction surfaces 3B.:.3 =-.0 a'n petz emb rs Afr- 3 d re s d n -1y; n g sh the ttern Onthe inner side, thewall 33' The. two frictionmembers B B f-=together.=.form

a, ;.vertically i splitglcasing whiohe is. divided on. a vertical. plane. coincident with the l longitudinal;

central axis of themechanismi. Thebottomfaces.

of :the members B--B which, faces :are indi cated by 31-1 -31,:are inclined-=slight1yupwardly;- in inward direction toward ;;;the.:center,.of the, i mechanism,; whereby said members: Bt-Bfare: tiltable: inwardly toward: each other to, a .limited extent, the opposed, innersidesedges of the. twowall members 337-33:rdiverging =s1ightlyy,in:-.up.

ward direction, as indicated-at !38%38 ,lit0jjDKQ,-Q.

videuclearance to .permit such tilting;

The .upper friction members ;A,'Af. 'arextelela;

scoped within the. lower split; casingnformed. by;- the members B--B'. with:eachzfrictiommemberjx A- laterallyoverlappingboth of themembers;

B'-B that is, the members .Af'e-A'iare so disr.

posed thatuthelvertical planesalonglwhich; they.

splitcasing. formed by. the membersBfe-BL is divided. vertically bisects the friction: members The lower end of .each member A'- isprovidsd .i with a pair .of outwardly. projecting, laterally:

spaced guidelugs 39-49: slidably .enga' edsin; longitudinally. extending, vertically. disposed guid openings or slots id-40". in.the.memb.ers Bf+B i-i The lugs 39-39 and 39-t39.xof..the. two members-r AA' prevent lateral. spreadingor separation of the sections of the split casing.;f0rmed;.by

the members B-Bf by engagement; ;with "the outer vertical Walls of .thetslots 40=:4fl.;-40 .,-4il;j, Slight clearance isprovided between the; lugs and the inner .walls. ofthe, slots, as clearlyshown in Figure 8, toipermit tilting of the memb,ersBf -B.

wallsof the slots tile-40.;

The upper surfaces of the flanges 291-23 01 the imembers A'A',, which; surfaces are indicatedlby s i.- i l=,lare inclined upwardly from, the outer sides toward theydiametrical inner edges thereo-fand the underneath surfaces of the flanges E i-+3 3, of the members B(,B'1, which surfaces are indicated by, 3l,.3l,'are inclined ;;upwardly-- from their diametricalinner edges toward their,

outer edges, whereby the upper and lower. meme bers are rockable on the spring followers of the spring cluster, for tilting; movement, the meme bers A-A' being tiltable outwardly away fromeach other and the members B B';:being tiltable-t inwardly-toward each other.-

The sprin i c surroundsthewmembers 'A.A

bearing respectively on the flanges '29--29.-and

and BB' and has its top and bottom endsp.

3d.34 of the members A'-A. and B'B-. The s spring C" is underinitial compression, therebytilting the. members A'A and B'-B' toward each other, pressing theirv friction; surfaces into tight engagement.

I have herein shown and describedwhat-I now. consider the; preferred ;manner of carrying.;.;out, my invention, but the same is merely illustrative and I contemplate all changesandmodifications,

that come within the :SCOPQ of the'claimsap pende her o- I claim:

1. In a friction shock absorber, the combination with a longitudinally split casing at one end of the mechanism,'said"casing comprising two like friction members having longitudinally extending,

interior'friction surfaces, and laterally extending base portions, said base'portions beingfulcrumed to provide for rocking movement of said members toward each other; of a longitudinally split casing at the other end of the mechanism slidingly telescoped within said first named casing, eaidsecand named split casing comprising two like friction members extending between said first named members and having' longitudinally extending, exterior friction surfaces engaging said friction surfaces of the first named members, said second named members having laterally extending base portions fulcrumed to provide for rocking movement of said members away from each other, said first and second named members being lengthwise slidable with respect to each other, each of said first named members being laterally overlapped by both of said second named members; and spring means opposing relative lengthwise movement of said first and second named members toward each other, said spring means bearing at opposite ends on said base portions of said first and second named members respectively, for rocking said members toward each other to press the friction surfaces thereof into tight fric- V tional engagement.

2. In a friction shock absorber, the combination with a longitudinally split casing at one end of the mechanism, said split casing comprising two like friction members, said members having base portions fulcrumed at their outer ends, said members having longitudinally extending, interior friction surfaces; of a longitudinally split casing at the other end of the mechanism slidingly telescoped within said first named casing, said second named split casing comprising two like friction members extending between said first named members, said second named members having baseportions fulcrumed at their inner ends, said second named members having longitudinally extending, exterior friction surfaces engaging said friction surfaces of the first named members, each of said first named members being laterally overlapped by both of said second named members; and spring means within said firstand second named casings embraced by the friction members thereof and bearing at opposite ends on the base portions of said first and second named members, respectively, to rock said first and second named members toward each other.

3. In a friction shock absorber, the combination with a longitudinally split casing at one end of the mechanism, said split casing comprising two like friction members, said members having laterally inwardly projecting base portions fulcrumed at their outer ends, said members hav ing longitudinall extending, interior friction surfaces; of a longitudinally split casing at the other end of the mechanism slidingly telescoped within said first named casing, said second named split casing comprising two' like friction members extending between said first named members, said second named members having laterally inwardly extending base portions fulcrumed at their inner ends, said second named members having longitudinally extending, exterior friction surfaces engaging said friction surfaces of the first named members each of said first named members being laterally overlapped by both of said second named members; and spring means within said first and second 'namedTca'sings embraced bylthe friction members thereof and bearing at opposite ends on the baseportions of s'aid'first and second 7 named 'members, respectively, to rock said'first ,and secondnamed members toward each other. 4. In a friction shock absorber, the combination with a longitudinally split casing'a't one end of the mechanism, said split casing comprising two like friction members, said members having base portions fulcrumed at their outer ends, said members having longitudinallyextending, interior fric-i tion surfaces; of alongitudinallysplit casing at the other end of the mechanism slidingly telescoped Within said first named casing, said sec- 1 0nd named split casing comprising two like frlc tion members extending between said first named members, said second named members having base portions fulcrumed at their inner ends said second named members having longitudinallyextending, exterior friction surfaces engaging said friction surfaces of the first named members, each of said first named members being laterally overlapped by both of said second named members; spring means within said first and second named casings embraced by the friction members thereof and bearing at opposite ends on the base portions of said first and second named members, respectively, to rock said first and second named members toward each other; and means for locking said first and second named casings against relative rotation about the longitudinal central axis of the mechanism.

5. In a friction shock absorber, the combination, with a'longitudinally split casing at one endof the mechanism, said split casing comprising other end of the mechanism slidingly telescoped within said first named casing, said second named split casing comprising two like friction members extending between said first named members,

said second named members havinglaterally in- V wardly extending base portions fulcrumed at:

their inner ends, said second named members having longitudinally extending, exterior fric tion surfaces engaging said friction surfaces of the first named members, each of said first named members being laterally overlapped by both of said second named members; spring? means within said first and second named casingsembraced by the friction members thereof and bearing at opposite ends on the base portions of said first and second named members, respec tively, to rock said first and second named members toward each other; and means for locking 7 sa d first and second named casings against relative rotation about the-longitudinal central axis of the mechanism. 7

6. In a friction shock absorber, the combination with a longitudinally split casing at one end of the mechanism, said split casing comprising two like friction members, said members having laterally inwardly projecting base portions fulcrumed at their outer ends, said members having longitudinally extending, interiorfriction surfaces; of a longitudinally split casing at the other 'end of the mechanism slidingly telescoped within said first named casin said second named split casing comprising two like friction members extending between said first namedmembers, said second named members having laterally inwardly; extending base portions-fulcrumed at their inner eamen ends; said second named-members having longien agement-with eachdtherto limitlongitudinal tudinally' extending, exterior frictionsurfaces-enseparation thereof. gaging-said friction surfaces of the first named "9. In'= a friction -shock absorber, the combinamen'ibersjeach'bfsaid-firstnamedmembers betion with a longitudinally split two part casing -i'ng laterally'overlapped by both of -said*second at one end. of the'me'chanism, said split two part named 'mernbers;'-spring means withinsaid first casing comprising two like friction'members havand second-named c'asings embraced by the fricing longitudinally extending, interior friction surtion -memb'ers thereof' and bearingat opposite faces, saidm'embe'rs being fulc'riiin'ed for rocking en'ds on thebase portions of saidfirstand sec- 'finovment'toward each other; of a second longiond named "members, respectively, to -rocl said "tudinally'split two part casing at the other end "firstand" second named members toward each of themechanis'm slidingly telescoped within said -"'-'other;= and means'forlocking-said-casin'gs against firstnamedcasing, saidsecond-named split two relative rotation about the "longitudinal central 3 part c'as'ing' com-prising two like friction members axis'of the 'mechanis'm comprising a leh 'gtl'iwise extending between saidfirst namedmembers and extending' locking bar" of non-circular 'crosssec- "having longitudinally extending, exterior friction sli'dably engaged in "guide openings insaid "tion 's'urfaces' engaging" said friction surfaces of "casingspsaidguideopenings'being-non-circular. "the first named members, said second named 7. *In a friction shock absorber," the combinamembers-bein fulcr d for ro movement tion with a longitudinally split casing at one end outwardly away from eachother, said first and of--the-'mechani'sm, said split casing comprising 's'e' b d" edmembers-being lengthwise slidable two like friction members, said members having "with rspect"toeach" other, each of saidfirst laterally inwardlyprojecting base portions fuld"- e "b al y v appe y crumed at their outer ends, said members having both of "said second-named members; and spr n longitudinally extending, interior friction surn opp in r'el'ativeleng'thwise movement of faces; of a longitudinally split casing at the other"* said first" and second named members toward end of the mechanism slidingly telescoped witha h n said sp n m a s r ibly r kin in said first named casing, said second named i fi a e pd n d me bers toward 'splitcasing comprising two*lik frictionmembers 'f ap t vp i frictionfsurfaces thereextendingbetWeen-said 'first*named"members into tight timlal'eliga said'second'named'members having laterally in In friction Shock absorber, t e combina- -w'ardly extendingbase-portions fulcrumed at i With Q t lengthwise. divided frictheir inner -ends,--said second named members in i g a n n e mechanism, each having longitudinally extending;exteriorfric-tion i i B 11 v ng wloegiiudinally extending, surfaces"engaging-saidfriction surfaces of the l' friction Surface; of a 'twopart, e

? firstnamedmembers 'each ofsaid first=named ;W e"F ir QeQf tii nea -at h other end of memb ers' being'laterally'overlapped byb'o'th of extendmgbetween theparts of said second named members; spring means the first named casing, each of the parts of said rounding said fir t, and second named casings second named casing having a longitudinally ex- I and bearing at opposite ends on the base portending, exterior friction surface, said friction tions of ai first and Second named members, 40 sur aces of the two parts of the second named respectively, to rock said first and second named casing engaging said friction surfaces of the two members toward each other; and means for 1ock parts of the first Casing, said first and ing said casings against relative rotation about sefmnd named gs being lengthwise slidable the longitudinal central axis of the mechanism Wlth respect to each other each of the Parts of comprising laterally projecting lugs on the mem said first named casing being laterally overlappedberg1 of cine casilng and longitudinally extending l g gg gfig c g tiie i'if'zt nzisi e d cg n g b ifg 1 g ig g z g 25 1 :33 3 i ii ggss casmg fulcrumed for lateral rocking movement inwardi oward 0th i fnctlqn Shock absqrberflthe combma- 0 nd namefl i asing bei ri g ffir l tz l tionhwith a longitudinally split casing at one end rocking movement away from each :3 of t e mechanism, said split casing comprising two like friction members, said members having 23322 225 3 3 32 5 321 5 g g f laterally inwardly projecting base portions ful- Ward each other and j ki g the paf'is f sa d .cmmed h Outer members first and second named casings into ti ht fricing longitudinally extending, interior friction g surfaces; of a longitudinally split casing at the fi i i zfiifi g i' g ggg. the comm other the mechamsm slidingly telescoped nation with a two part lengthwise divided fricwithin said first named casing, said second named tion shell a one en split casing COIDDI'ISIIIg tWO like friction members of said part: fg g i fgfig i hgfs eXFendmg between 'sald first named membejrs interior friction surface, said parts being ful: sald Second named members tlavmg laterally crumed for rocking movement laterally toward wardly extending base portions fu crum d at each other; of a second two part, longitudinally their inner ends, said second named members having longitudinally extending, exterior friction gig igi gg g l t fig fi ggfig gf fg g g ggg Surfaces engaging d friction surfaces of the between the parts of said first named shell each first named members, each of said first named t of said second named Shell having iongi... members be laterally v rlapped by b t of tudinallyextending, exterior friction surface, the said second named members; and Sp g ea s parts of said second named shell being fulcrumed within said first and second n med cas s emfor rocking movement outwardly away from each braced by the friction members thereof and bearother, said first and second named shells being ing at opposite ends on the base portions of said lengthwise slidable with respect to each other first and second named members, respectively, to each of said parts of the first named shell be rock said first and second named members toing laterally overlapped by both parts of the secward each other, said casings having shouldered 0nd named shell; and spring means opposing 11 relative lengthwise movement 'of said first and second named shells toward each other, said spring means forcibly rocking the ,parts'of said 7 first and second named shellstoward each other tc-press the friction'surfaces thereof into tight frictional engagement.-"' 1 r -12. In'a friction shock absorber, 'the'combination with a two part,-lengthwisedivided-friction shell at one end of the mechanism,'the parts of said shell having base portions fulcrumed at'their outer ends, said parts having longitudinally extending, interior frictionsurfaces; of a two part,

, lengthwise divided, friction shell at the other end of the mechanism, said parts extending between the parts of V the first named shell, said; parts of the second named shell having base por tions fulcrumed at their inner ends, said; parts of the second named shell having longitudinally 1 extending friction" surfaces engaging-said friction surfaces of the parts of said first named shell,-

said first and second namedshells being 7 lengthwise slidable with respect to each other, each of the parts of the first named shel'l being' laterally overlapped by both parts of the second named shell; the parts of said first and second named shells and bearing atopposite ends on the base portions of the parts ofsaid first and second named shells, respectively, torock said parts toward eachothen- 9 c i 13. Ina friction shock absorber, the combination with a two' part, lengthwise divided fric- .tion. shell atone end of-the-mechanism; of a-sec- 0nd two part, lengthwise divided friction'shell at-thelother end of the mechanism, said second named shell being slidingly telescoped within said and spring means embraced byv first named shell, said parts of the first named shell having laterally inwardly projecting base portions fulcrumed at their outer ends, said'parts having longitudinally. extending, interior friction surfaces, the parts of said second named shell having laterally inwardly extending base portions fulcrumed at theirinner ends, said parts of said second named shell having longitudinally extending, exterior friction surfaces engaging said friction surfaces of the parts of said first named shell, each of the parts of said first named shell being laterally overlapped by both parts of said second named shell; and'spring means embraced by the parts of said first and second named shells and bearing at opposite ends "on the base said first and second named shells toward each other.

I Y GEORGE E'. DATH.

REFERENCES CITE 9 The following'references are of record in the file of this patent:

STATES PATENTS portions of the parts of said first and second .named shells, respectively, to rock the parts of V 

